MENINGITIS MENINGITE Synonym: Brain infection What is it? Meningitis (MGT) is an infection of the membranes (meninges) that envelop the brain by pathological agents such as: viruses, bacteria, fungi or protozoa. Where there is simultaneous commitment of the brain tissue, it can be denominated meningoencephalitis. How is it acquired? This infection is related to the… Continuar lendo MENINGITIS
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INTRODUCTION TO RENAL DISEASES
INTRODUCTION TO RENAL DISEASES Humans possess two bean-shaped, dark-red colored kidneys. In adults, the kidneys measure 12cm each and weigh 130 to 170g each. They are located on the back, on both sides of the spinal column and are protected by the lower ribs. Each day the kidneys filter approximately 1,200 to 2,000 liters of… Continuar lendo INTRODUCTION TO RENAL DISEASES
BRAIN ANEURYSM
BRAIN ANEURYSM Nelson ASPESI, MD. Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rio Grande do Sul State University (UFRGS). Marcelo FERREIRA, MD, Neurology. Alternative names: Subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain hemorrhage What is it? Brain aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of a brain artery that may lead to its rupture at a weakened and dilated site. A comparison of… Continuar lendo BRAIN ANEURYSM
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA Renato Faillace, MD., Hematology Specialistby the Brazilian Medical Association. Alternative name: hypoferric anemia Iron, for being part of a molecule, is indispensable to hemoglobin production, the pigment of the red blood cells that allows the transportation of oxygen, and whose deficiency is called anemia. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of… Continuar lendo IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
ANEMIA
ANEMIA Renato Faillace, MD. Hematology Specialist by the Brazilian Medical Association. (from Greek, an = privation, haima = blood) is said to occur when the concentration of blood hemoglobin decreases beyond the levels established by the World Health Organization at 13 g/dL for men, 12 g/dL for women, and 11 g/dL for pregnant women and… Continuar lendo ANEMIA
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS What is it? Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory disease of unknown cause. Disease outbreak is triggered by unknown external agents (virus, bacteria, chemical agents, ultraviolet radiation) entering the immune system of an individual having various genes that wrongly induce an inadequate production of antibodies. . These antibodies are directed against… Continuar lendo SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
PAIN IN THE KNEES
Pain in the knees Mauro Keiserman, MD. Rheumatology Specialist by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. Head Professor of Rheumatology at the Catholic University School of Medicine (PUC-RS). Arthritis of the knees What are the causes of knee pain? Pain in the knee is extremely frequent. There are several causes. Some are very common and easy… Continuar lendo PAIN IN THE KNEES
LUMBAR PAIN
LUMBAR PAIN Mauro Keiserman, MD. Rheumatology Specialist by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. Head Professor of Rheumatology at the Catholic University School of Medicine (PUC-RS). Synonyms: Lumbago Eighty per cent of the human beings feel lumbar pain (lumbago) at some point in their lives. A smaller number suffers from cervical pain (neck) and… Continuar lendo LUMBAR PAIN
GOUT
GOUT Mauro Keiserman, MD. Rheumatology Specialist by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. Head Professor of Rheumatology at the Catholic University School of Medicine (PUC-RS). Gout is a disease characterized by the elevation of uric acid in the bloodstream and outbreaks of acute arthritis secondary to the deposition of monosodium urate crystals. The normal concentration of… Continuar lendo GOUT
FIBROMYALGIA
Fibromyalgia What’s it? Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic diffuse muscle or tendon pain at tender points of specific anatomic localization. What are the main symptoms? The symptoms are general pain and one or two of the following: easy fatigability superficial and non-restorative sleep (the individual wakes up more tired than when he/she went to… Continuar lendo FIBROMYALGIA